J.ophthalmol.(Ukraine).2019;3:14-19.
http://doi.org/10.31288/oftalmolzh201931419
Received: 05 March 2019; Published on-line: 27 June 2019
Clinical and diagnostic value of impairments in electrolyte metabolism in children with acquired myopia
T.Ye. Tsybulska,1 Cand Sc (Med), S.V. Gorbachova,1 Dr Sc (Biol), T.S. Zavgorodnia,2 Cand Sc (Med)
1 Zaporizhzhia State Medical University; Zaporizhzhia (Ukraine)
2 Shupik National Medical Academy of Postgraduate Education; Kyiv (Ukraine)
E-mail: tamila.eye@gmail.com
TO CITE THIS ARTICLE: Tsybulska TYe, Gorbachova SV, Zavgorodnia TS. Clinical and diagnostic value of impairments in electrolyte metabolism in children with acquired myopia. J.ophthalmol.(Ukraine).2019;3:14-9. http://doi.org/10.31288/oftalmolzh201931419
Background: Identifying the biochemical features of the body in myopia associated with connective tissue dysplasia is still important in the ophthalmologist’s practice.
Purpose: To assess the clinical and diagnostic value of impairments in electrolyte merabolism in children with acquired myopia.
Methods: Group 1 included 30 children with mild myopia associated with the syndrome of unspecified connective tissue dysplasia (SUCTD), and Group 2 included 30 children with mild myopia without SUCTD. Group 3 (controls) included 30 pediatric healthy controls without ocular disease. Electrolyte balance was assessed by measuring magnesium, calcium, sodium, potassium and chloride ion concentrations in daily urine.
Results: Magnesium and calcium ion concentrations in daily urine in children in Group 1 were significantly (2- and 1.7-fold, respectively) lower compared with children in Group 2, and significantly (2.1- and 1.9-fold, respectively) lower compared with controls (р < 0.05). There was no difference in sodium, potassium or chloride ion concentrations in daily urine among study groups. ROC analysis found that an optimum cutoff magnesium ion concentration of ≤2.3 mmol/day in daily urine was 97% sensitive and 80% specific, with an area under curve value (AUC) of 0.97±0.12 (CI 0.95-0.99) (р < 0.0001). In addition, an optimum cutoff calcium ion concentration of ≤3.42 mmol/day in daily urine was 96% sensitive and 85% specific, with an AUC value of 0.94±0.27 (CI 0.88-0.98) (р < 0.0001). Magnesium ion concentration in daily urine was moderately negatively correlated with dysplasia severity (r= -0.65, р < 0.05), and calcium ion concentration was moderately negatively correlated with dysplasia severity (r= -0.59, р < 0.05).
Conclusion: The current study determined the diagnostic values of magnesium and calcium ion concentrations (≤ 2.3 mmol/day and ≤ 3.42 mmol/day, respectively) which can be used as biomarkers for laboratory screening for the presence of SUCTD in clinical practice.
Keywords: myopia, connective tissue dysplasia, diagnostics, electrolytes, urine, children
References
1.Moiseienko EO, Golubchikov MV, Mykhalchuk VM, Rykov SO. [Ophthalmological care in Ukraine in 2014-2017. Analytical and statistical reference book]. Kyiv: Logos; 2018. Ukrainian.
2.Budnik TV. [A comparison of phenotypic and clinical signs of connective tissue dysplasia, micronutrient sufficiency and ophthalmic data in children with progressive myopia]. Perinatologiia I pediatriia. 2014;2:41–5. Russian.
3.Iomdina EN, Tarutta EP. [Modern trends of basic research in pathogenesis of progressive myopia]. Vestn Ross Akad Med Nauk. 2014;(3-4):44–9. Review. Russian.
4.Kadurina TI, Gorbunova VN, editors. [Displasia of the Connective Tissue]. St Petersburg: ELBI; 2009. Russian.
5.Li VV, Smoliakovs GP, Egorov VV, Kashura OI. [Relevance of the Problem of Myopia in School-age Children with Signs of Undifferentiated Connective Tissue Dysplasia]. Ophthalmology in Russia. 2018;2S:58–64. Russian.
6.Seleznev AV, Nasu H. [Dynamics of myopia in individuals with syndrome of connective tissue dysplasia]. Oftalmokhirurgiya. 2012; 4:73. Russian.
7.Tsybulskaya TYe, Zavgorodnia NG, Ivachnenko OM, Pashkova OYe. Anatomical, optical, biomechanical and morphometric parameters of the eye in children with acquired myopia and syndrome of undifferentiated connective tissue dysplasia. Zaporozhye medical journal. 2018; 3(108):392–6.
8.Vinetskaia MI, Boltaeva ZK, Iomdina EN, Andreeva LD. [Biochemical aspects of progressive myopia]. Oftalmol Zh. 1988;(3):155–8. Russian.
9.Bushueva NN. [Current aspects of the pathogenesis and treatment of progressive myopia]. In: [Proceedings of the Ukrainian National Conference of Pediatric Ophthalmology]. 4-5 October, 2012, Sevastopol. p.281–-91. Russian.
10.Bikbov MM, Dautova ZA, Samatova RR, et al. [Certain biochemical blood parameters in children with acquired myopia]. Vestnyk Ros Voenno-Meditsinskoi akademii. 2009; 3:52–4. Russian.
11.Kovalenko VV Iakovleva AN. [Biochemical indices of the blood in schoolchildren with myopia]. Oftalmol Zh. 1978;33(4):284–6. Russian.
12.Gromova OA, Kalacheva AG, Torshin IYu, et al. [On the diagnostics of magnesium deficiency]. Arkhiv’’ vnutrennei meditsiny. 2014;3(17):6–10. Russian.
13.Torshin IYu, Gromova OA. [Molecular mechanisms of connective tissue dysplasia and those underlying the action of magnesium]. Rossiiskii meditsinskii zhurnal. 2008;4:263–9. Russian.
The authors certify that they have no conflicts of interest in the subject matter or materials discussed in this manuscript.