J.ophthalmol.(Ukraine).2016;3:36-40.

https://doi.org/10.31288/oftalmolzh201633640

Findings of a study of pigment epithelium-derived factor (PEDF) levels in vitreous samples from patients with proliferative diabetic retinopathy

A.A. Putienko, Dr Sc (Med)

Elhage Emhamed Ali Abdalslam Emhamed, Postgraduate Student

Filatov Institute of Eye Disease and Tissue Therapy

Odessa, Ukraine

Purpose: To investigate the relationship, if any, between vitreous pigment epithelium-derived factor (PEDF) levels and a number of clinical factors used to assess the functional activity of the retina after an intravitreal surgery for complications of proliferative diabetic retinopathy (PDR).

Materials and Methods: Seventy PDR patients (70 eyes) were involved into the study. PEDF levels in vitreous samples were quantified by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay.

Results: In vitreous samples from eyes with PDR the mean ± SD PEDF level was 3.26 ng/mL ± 1.57 ng/mL. Vitreous PEDF levels were statistically significantly higher for eyes operated on for vitreous hemorrhage (VH) only than for eyes operated on for VH in the presence of macular traction detachment (t=2.35, р=0.022). The lower was the vitreous PEDF level (lower median value, 3.12 ng/mL), the more severe was retinal ischemia, which was confirmed by electrophysiological examination (namely, the parameters of the oscillatory potentials). It was found that when the level of PEDF in the vitreous is decreased, retinal neurodegeneration develops, with the greatest damage exhibited by bipolar, amacrine, and Muller cells.

Conclusions: Parameters of photopic and 30 Hz flicker ERG as well as of oscillatory potentials are surrogate indicators of levels of PEDF in ocular tissues, and may be used in later studies for investigation of the role of PEDF levels in pathological processes in the eye.

Key words: proliferative diabetic retinopathy, pigment epithelium-derived factor, electrophysiological examination

 

References

  1. Kolchin AA, Zueva MV, Tsapenko IV. [Electroretinography in assessment of retinal ganglion cell function in diabetic patients without retinopathy]. Aktualn Probl Oftalm. 2013;3:34-9 Russian
  2. Martoplias KV, Mirnenko VV. [Annual incidence rate of diabetic retinopathy in Ukraine over the last decade]. In: [Proceedings of the Filatov Memorial Lectures, Ophthalmology Conference with International Speakers on the 75th Anniversary of the Establishment of the Filatov Institute; 2011 May 26-27; Odessa, Ukraine]. p. 336-7 Russian
  3. Shamshinova AM. [Electroretinography in ophthalmology]. Moscow: Medika; 2009. 304 p. Russian
  4. Abu El-Asrar AM, Imtiaz Nawaz M, Kangave D et al. Osteopontin and Other Regulators of Angiogenesis and Fibrogenesis in the Vitreous from Patients with Proliferative Vitreoretinal Disorders. Mediators Inflamm. 2012;2012:493043
    Crossref   Pubmed
  5. Cao W, Tombran-Tink J, Chen W, et al. Pigment epithelium-derived factor protects cultured retinal neurons against hydrogen peroxide-induced cell death. J Neurosci Res. 1999 Sep 15;57(6):789-800
    Crossref   Pubmed
  6. Congdon N, B. O'Colmain, C.C. Klaver, et al, Eye Diseases Prevalence Research Group. Causes and prevalence of visual impairment among adults in the United States. Arch Ophthalmol. 2004 Apr;122(4):477-85
    Crossref   Pubmed
  7. Elahy M,  Baindur-Hudson S,  Cruzat VF, et al. Mechanisms of PEDF-mediated protection against reactive oxygen species damage in diabetic retinopathy and neuropathy. J Endocrinol. 2014 Sep;222(3):R129-39
    Crossref   Pubmed
  8. Filleur S, Nelius T, de Riese W, et al. Characterization of PEDF: a multi-functional serpin family protein. J Cell Biochem. 2009 Apr 1;106(5):769-75
    Crossref   Pubmed
  9.  Jablonski MM, Tombran-Tink J,  Mrazek DA, et al. Pigment epithelium-derived factor supports normal M?ller cell development and glutamine synthetase expression after removal of the retinal pigment epithelium. Glia. 2001 Jul;35(1):14-25.
    Crossref    Pubmed                                                
  10.  Li S, Fu XA, Zhou XF et al. Angiogenesis-related cytokines in serum of proliferative diabetic retinopathy patients before and after vitrectomy. Int J Ophthalmol. 2012;5(6):726-30.
  11. Ogata N,  Nishikawa M,  Nishimura T, et al. Unbalanced vitreous levels of pigment epithelium-derived factor and vascular endothelial growth factor in diabetic retinopathy. Am J Ophthalmol. 2002 Sep;134(3):348-53
  12. Pang IH, Zeng H, Fleenor DL, et al. Pigment epithelium-derived factor protects retinal ganglion cells. BMC Neurosci. 2007 Jan 29;8:11
  13. Wu de Zheng, Liu Yan. Atlas of Testing and Clinical Application for ROLAND Electrophysiological Instrument. Beijing Science and Technology Press, 2006. 174 p
  14. Yokoi M, Yamagishi S, Saito A, et al. Positive association of pigment epithelium-derived factor with total antioxidant capacity in the vitreous fluid of patients with proliferative diabetic retinopathy. Br J Ophthalmol. 2007 Jul; 91(7): 885-7
  15. Zheng B, Li T, Chen H, Zheng Z.  Correlation between ficolin-3 and vascular endothelial growth factor-to-pigment epithelium-derived factor ratio in the vitreous of eyes with proliferative diabetic retinopathy. Am J Ophthalmol. 2011 Dec;152(6):1039-43.
    Crossref   Pubmed